Introducing the Mark V AidPod

Each time I do a significant modification to the AidPod design I feel a strange fondness for the out-going model and then immediately bond with the new one. I said this to Jane and she quipped “That’s how you’ll feel when you get your second wife.” :-)

AidPod Mark V

Anyway, here it is the AidPod Mark V. It’s the same as the Mark IV but about half its length. This means it will be cheaper to produce and will carry the items needed to treat just one episode of diarrhoea (not two). We will be able to get 10 of these into a crate.

Our research tells us that a key determinant of whether a child is given ORS is whether ORS is available in the home at the time the diarrhoea strikes. This led us to think that it would be a good idea to include sufficient items in the AidPod to treat two episodes of diarrhoea. However, more compelling evidence indicates that people living in poverty cannot afford to buy and store. In the slums of Nairobi, they don’t buy tubes of toothpaste, they buy a squirt of toothpaste on their toothbrush when they need it.

We think that having AidPods available in the nearby retail kiosk at an affordable price will be nearly as good as having it in the home. The trial will help us determine whether this is the case.

For a more in-depth discussion on why we are going for a smaller AidPod please see this previous blog post.

 

A mini AidPod anyone?

Mark IV AidPod with PedZinc packages

I had a great meeting yesterday with Chris Griffin at the PI Global offices in London talking about the packaging aspects of the trial. I was also able to loan him the various bottles and a crate, on loan to me from Zambian Breweries. These will obviously be crucial in defining the cross-section of the AidPod. We then went on to talk about the length of the AidPod.

A tension has been emerging with this aspect of the AidPod over the last few months. We had originally envisaged that the AidPod would be the full length of the width of the crate ie about 225mm long. This would be big enough to carry the components to treat at least two episodes of diarrhoea: four sachets of ORS, two courses of Zinc supplements and two 25g bars of soap. This thinking was based on research that showed that the biggest indicator of whether a child gets ORS is whether or not the mother, or care-giver, had ORS available in the home at the time of the attack.

However, this makes the ADK (Anti-Diarrhoea Kit) twice as expensive as it needs to be and goes against the guidelines laid down by the late, great C. K. Prahalad* and others who say that when creating products for consumers earning $1-2 dollars a day, price, a low price, is absolutely crucial. These markets are completely different from more developed markets. In developed markets the starting point when pricing a product is your costs, then you add your margin to arrive at the sale price. In poor markets you need to turn this model on its head. You start from the amount people are able/willing to pay (the price) and then work backwards and design the product with a low enough cost to meet the need and enable a profit margin to be made.

On balance, we have concluded (I think) that we need to take the latter approach and so the ADK will have to be as cheap as possible to produce which points to a mini, or half-length ADK. This has the added benefit that we can get 10, not 5, ADKs in each crate.

But what about the research that indicates that ideally you need ORS and Zinc in the home to maximise the likelihood of treatment? Well, what we are banking on is that having ADKs available in the local retail kiosk is nearly as good as having one in the home. The trial will indicate whether or not we are right.

What is helpful is that, coincidentally, the PedZinc component of the ADK comes in a box which is fully compatible with half-length, mini AidPod – see the image above.

* C.K. Prahalad Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid: Eradicating Poverty Through Profits

ColaLife in Schools

There is a young and very creative teacher at Acton High School called Emma Berry (don’t ask) who wove ColaLife into a recent classroom session for year 5 children getting ready to move up to secondary school. Emma used existing ColaLife media (on Flickr and YouTube) to produce the above “Prezi’ on ColaLife. The children then used ColaLife AidPod kits (you can get your own through the Buzzbnk) to make model AidPods and decorate them.

Emma said:

The ColaLife story is a fantastic way to engage young people with the challenges faced by children their own age all over the world. With a potential solution to serious world issues ColaLife is a positive way to introduce and discuss child mortality – encouraging the next generation to do something to make a difference.

The children were really engaged and covered the following in one session:

  • Developing world scenarios (child mortality rates and access to health facilities were particular talking points)
  • applications for graphic products
  • making a 3D model from a 2D net

Below is a slideshow of the AidPods made, with most photos taken by the children themselves:

AidPod Designs Acton
Click on the image to view the slideshow

The video below shows how to make a model AidPod from the kit:

Please forward this post to any teachers you know who might be interested.

We are able to supply FREE AidPod kits to teachers who wish to run a similar session. Our contact details are on the PRESS page.

Click here to comment on the blog.

A ColaLife video edit with Amanda (aged 10)

I can’t believe I’ve only just spotted this. It was uploaded way back in June. Amanda, aged 10, explains ColaLife on behalf of the Buckminster Fuller Challenge. I need to send Amanda an AidPod kit!

Thanks Amanda :-)

Zambia Diary | Day 4, Visit 2 | Workshop Preparation

IMG_1733
Tomorrow’s workshop materials! Note that this crate contains three Coca-Cola products: Coca-Cola; Fanta and Sprite. In rural areas a retailer will often collect a single crate with a mixture of drinks inside it. Ideally the AidPod should work with all the bottle shapes

Most of today was spent preparing for tomorrow’s workshop which is being convened by UNICEF here in Zambia. The confirmed attendees list has representatives from all the key players: Ministry of Health; UNICEF themselves; SABMiller; JSI; Medical Stores Limited (MSL); World Vision; Keepers Foundation Zambia (the local SODIS experts) and Transaid.

The workshop will kick-off with Dr Nilda Lambo from UNICEF setting the scene. Jane will then take over with a statement of the objectives of the day, a brief summary of ColaLife so far and a description of the ColaLife ethos and principles. I will then jump in and put up an ‘Aunt Sally’ with a suggestion of how we might structure the pilot and the partnership to run it. The rest of the day will be interactive with a participants’ review of the pilot structure and partnership roles. We will finish up the day with a review of the pilot outcomes and an agreement on the next steps. The agenda will run like this:

Agenda – ColaLife Pilot Group Planning Workshop 21st January 2011

Hosted by UNICEF, with ColaLife

Location: Chrismar Hotel.  Times are provisional.

9.00 Arrivals, introductions and refreshments

9:15 Welcome and introduction from UNICEF

9:35 Update from ColaLife with Q & A Session.
To include objectives for the day.

10.15 Overview of proposed pilot structure and partnership structure

Followed by open participatory work and review of comments
Refreshments available during this period

11:15 Group work: Exploring partner skills and possible roles
Review of group work

11:45 Towards consensus and next steps
Review of contributions
Possible pilot locations
Suggestions for high level pilot objectives and outcomes

12:30 Lunch

We did have one meeting today which was pleasant break from the workshop preparation. The meeting was with ‘the gentle giant of the Ministry of Health’. Bonface has been really supportive ever since our first meeting back in October and has provided invaluable insights into how systems work in Zambia and he has guided us in terms of the people we should meet and the protocols we should follow. It was great to see him again today. He was delighted with the link up with UNICEF. UNICEF is very well respected in Zambia due to its impressive track record over many years – people know UNICEF but they don’t know ColaLife (yet!). We will have many barriers to cross in the next couple of years and having UNICEF behind us will significantly reduce the height of these barriers.

If all goes well I should be able to share the workshop outcomes tomorrow.

Onwards and upwards.

Does weight matter?

IMG_1532Our best guess of the gross weight of an AidPod Mother’s Kit is between 110-150g. So a crate with five AidPod kits in it would weigh an extra 550-750g. Is this extra weight an issue?

The research we have done indicates that the transport cost of the ‘last mile’ in the remote parts of developing countries is related more to volume than weight. If you want to put a box or crate on a bus you are charged for the box or crate not for its weight. If you’re on a bicycle you put as many crates on as you can. Again, it’s the number of crates that’s the crucial thing rather than how much they weigh.

But, in any case, five AidPods would add a maximum of 750g to the weight of the crate which already weighs around 16.5kg.

In Zambia, the 300ml bottles are being replaced by new ‘ultralight’ ones (the shorter one in the picture). The old bottles weigh 429g, the new one weighs much less at 303g. So a crate of new bottles weighs around 3kg less than a crate of the old bottles. A crate of new bottles with five AidPod Mother’s Kits in it will still be more than 2kg less than a crate with older bottles with no AidPods in it. The details of this are given below for the record.

A cap weighs approximately: 2g

In Zambia, the most common crate, with reinforced sides weighs approximately: 1800g

A crate full of the older 300ml bottles full of Coca-Cola would weigh:

Crate: 1,800g
Older bottles: 24 x 429 = 10,296g
Caps: 24 x 2 = 48g
Coca-Cola: 24 x 300 = 7,200g
TOTAL:  19,344g

A crate full of the newer 300ml bottles full of Coca-Cola would weigh:

Crate: 1,800g
New bottles: 24 x 303 = 7,272g
Caps: 24 x 2 = 48g
Coca-Cola: 24 x 300 = 7,200g
TOTAL: 16,320g

The DIFFERENCE between the old and new bottle formats: 19,344 – 16,320 = 3,024g

WEIGHT OF 5 AIDPOD MOTHER’S KITS = 750g (max)

AidPod Mother’s Kit subsidy calculator

Work continues on the development of the plan for a pilot of the ColaLife concept in Zambia based in the outcome of our recent trip to speak with stakeholders there. Here’s attempt to identify the key variables and create a model to calculate the level of subsidy that would be required to make the AidPod Mother’s Kits affordable in remote rural communities. It’s an Excel Spreadsheet that can be downloaded here: Subsidy level calculator v1.1 (XLS, 25 KB). Any comments on the model would be gratefully received. Please email (see Contact Us) or comment on this post. Thanks.

Subsidy Level Calculator

[Post updated on 5/1/11: The file download link which originally linked to Version 1 of the calculator now links to Version 1.1]

Zambia Diary | Day 9 | The young people of today eh?

While we’ve been staying here at ‘The Pearson’s House’ a couple of young people has passed through – friends of the children of Alison and Mark (Pearson). Anyway, they’ve told us what they are up to and we’ve told them what we are doing. Well, Andy (one of these young people), who lives in Kitwe, reacted to ColaLife like most young people do. He was very interested. Last night as Jane and I were being all creative, making the materials for the workshop tomorrow, Andy offered to help in any way he could and brought out his sketch book.

Well, you should never look a gift house in the mouth. We explained how the AidPod might be made of PET and be used to sterilise water and asked him if he could come up with a graphic to explain this and this is the result above. Bloody amazing!

IMG_1452

Thanks Andy! And if you want Andy to do illustrations for you his email address is andrew.s.jackson [at] gmail [dot] com . . . but he can’t do everything for nothing!

Today I was invited to give a short presentation to the National Drugs Logistics Steering Committee which was an honour and meant that three or four additional partners now know about ColaLife which is good.

Tomorrow we have the workshop and, first thing, I have to call SABMiller to speak with their logistics person.

You can read the whole of the Zambian Diary here and the audio diary is here.

Zambia Diary | Day 7 | Formats!!

I’ve been giving out duff gen! I thought 80% of the Coca-Cola produced in Africa went out in 350ml bottles in a particular type of crate. But this is not correct as the most common bottles here in Zambia are in fact 300ml AND the crates are different. I think the error comes from my visit to Tanzania and I think the person I spoke with must have been referring to Tanzania only when the mentioned the 80% figure. Below left is the Tanzanian crate and bottles and below right is the Zambia version:
Mark III AidPod in Crate with white background IMG_1428

Left: Tanzanian crate | Right: Zambian crate

Note also how the crate differs. The Zambia one is like a honeycomb. The other thing I have noticed is that there are two types on crate in Zambia: the one above and a much more flimsy version which does not have the internal, vertical struts like this one.

The good news is that the AidPod still fits and in fact it could be made slightly longer but there is no way the Zambian crate could accommodate a length-wise version of the AidPod. I plan to do some in-depth ‘crate studies’ this coming week. I’m also hoping to spend a day on a Coca-Cola delivery lorry this week. Watch this space!

You can read the whole of the Zambian Diary here and the audio diary is here.

More on SODIS (Solar Disinfection [of water]) – another innovation?

PET AidPod on roof
The concept: PET AidPods on a tin roof

SODIS Pictograms
Image source: Wikipedia

We’ve had a great response to the idea that the ColaLife AidPods might be made of PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) and used to disinfect the water mothers need to make up oral rehydration solution. Dr Kevin G McGuigan, Coordinator EU SODISWATER Project, Dublin University, who has been working for 18 years on SODIS-related projects said:

It was a pleasure talking to you [Jane] this morning. I’ve looked at the information that you have forwarded and think that your ColaLife container would be suitable for solar disinfection of water for drinking or ORS purposes. You would have to redesign the lid to make it water tight but apart from that it looks like an appropriate solution to a global problem.

Dr Wayne Heaselgrave, of Leicester University, a microbiologist working with Dr McGuigan on the same SODISWATER project has as also offered to test the efficacy of PET AidPods (when we have them). Leicester – just down the road from ColaLife HQ, has an African Sun Simulator. He said:

I agree that there could also be potential for this product to be subsequently used for SODIS if the design can be altered so that the product is made from PET and is watertight. In the future if you were to come up with a prototype then we could look at working together to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of the product in the laboratory using simulated sunlight prior to its introduction into field situations.

Obviously a single 500ml AidPod is not going to solve a family’s need for clean water. But it will add value to the New Mother’s Kit – and be a mechanism for getting the SODIS method more widely known. We have been struggling for a while now on the secondary uses the AidPod packaging might have and I think we have now found one. We’re feeling ready for a design competition. Would anybody be interested in this?

SODIS is now backed by WHO and used in parts of at least 33 countries. Below is a video on SODIS from the Keeper Zambia Foundation.

This is a CNN video report. The most amazing bit is towards the end (2m:40s in) when the scientist shows the results of testing for E. coli. The first Petri dish with water from a a standing source (big puddle) had levels of E. coli TNC (too numerous to count). The second, from the communal tank was infected to some extent while the SODIS water was completely clear.

There are more videos on SODIS here.